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The "Sun-goddess of the earth" and the less clearly defined category of "chthonic solar deities" of Hittite religion have been the objects of various studies in recent years. This paper aims to examine the significance of these categories of deities within the Hittite festival texts. Although the Sun-goddess of the earth achieves some prominence in local cult contexts, such as at Zippalanda and Nerik, she otherwise remains a marginal deity. This contrasts with her general significance in Hittite magical rituals. The chthonic solar deities represent a less tangible deity type that is associated with death and the netherworld, but that also does not attain overarching significance in the Hittite state pantheon. Finally, the paper addresses the question, to what cultural milieu can we trace the beginnings of the Sun-goddess of the earth? Efforts to identify her origins in the Hattian milieu of north-central Anatolia will be critiqued, favoring the Luwian milieu instead as the most likely from which the tradition of the Sun-goddess emerged, and later flourished in the magical traditions especially that became widespread in Hittite society of Late Bronze Age Anatolia.

Gods, Hittite. --- Hittites --- Religion.

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Dieux hittites --- Goden [Hettitische ] --- Gods [Hittite ] --- Hittites --- -Gods, Hittite --- Hittite gods --- Chatti --- Kheta --- Khita --- Indo-Europeans --- Religion --- Gods, Hittite. --- Religion. --- Gods, Hittite

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Gods, Hittite --- Ausgrabung. --- Iasily Kaya. --- Boğazkale. --- Hethiter. --- Yazilikaya.

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To find your way in the vast Hittite Pantheon is by no means an easy task. In his Onomasticon of the Hittite Pantheon Ben van Gessel lists all Hittite gods as known from primary sources. Their names are listed as written in Hittite, Sumerian and Akkadian. Moreover, deities not mentioned by a proper name are given. The work ends with the unclassifiable fragments of names. Apart from answering questions about the (often confusing) orthography of the gods' names, each entry categorizes information on their epithets, shrines, priests and servants, cult places, attributes and feasts, as well as about the actual locations in the texts . Where necessary, the author refers to relevant literature.

Gods, Hittite --- Dieux hittites --- -299.199 --- Hittite gods --- Religion Indo- European Albanians Armenians Hittites --- 299.199 --- 939.455 --- 939.455 Geschiedenis van de Hittieten --- Geschiedenis van de Hittieten --- Hittites --- Names --- Religion --- Names. --- Noms --- Gods [Hittite ]

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Gods, Hittite --- Mountain gods --- Hurrians --- Demonology --- Middle East --- Religion --- Gods, Hittite. --- Hurrians. --- Religion. --- -Gods, Hittite --- -Gods --- Hurri --- Kharri --- Khurrians --- Mitannians --- Subarians --- Hittite gods --- Hittites --- Demonology, Christian --- Demons --- Evil spirits --- Spirits --- Spiritual warfare --- -Middle East --- Gods --- Mountain gods - Middle East --- Demonology - Middle East --- Middle East - Religion